Glossary of Terms

Methodology · Volume 1 · Fourth Edition·Giovanni Leonardi·2026·3 min read

Whatever is in this book is what survived. The rest did not make the cut.

Term Definition
Artifact A working document or tool that supports programme execution. Not the same as a deliverable — artifacts are operational; deliverables are approved outputs.
BAU Business As Usual — the steady-state operations that a programme hands over to after closure.
Benefits Dependency Network A diagram showing how programme initiatives, through enablers and business changes, deliver measurable benefits linked to strategic objectives.
Benefits Realisation The measurement and confirmation that planned benefits have actually been achieved. Not the same as “we delivered the project on time.”
CPO Chief Portfolio Officer — the executive responsible for managing the organisation’s portfolio of transformation investments.
Change Champion A nominated individual within a country or team who supports adoption, gathers feedback, and bridges the gap between the programme and the people affected by it.
Continuous Improvement The ongoing optimisation of processes, tools, and practices after programme closure — ensuring the organisation doesn’t drift back to old ways.
Deliverable A final, approved output of a phase or milestone. Distinguished from artifacts by formal sign-off.
Gate See Stage Gate.
Hallucination In HoLiDySt usage: our aspirational vision — what we dream of achieving. Not a clinical term.
Heat Map A colour-coded visual representation of maturity scores, readiness levels, or performance across dimensions, countries, or capabilities.
HoLiDySt Holistic Delivery System — this framework. A holiday from bureaucracy.
Hypercare An intensive post-go-live support period providing rapid issue resolution and stabilisation.
KPI Key Performance Indicator — a measurable value that demonstrates how effectively objectives are being achieved.
PfMO Portfolio Management Office — the enterprise-level function responsible for portfolio reporting, demand management, capacity planning, and cross-programme governance. Distinguished from programme-level PMOs.
PID Project Initiation Document — the document that defines a project’s scope, objectives, deliverables, resources, risks, and governance within a programme context.
PMO Programme Management Office — the team responsible for day-to-day programme coordination, planning, reporting, and governance support.
Portfolio Board The senior governance body responsible for authorising programmes, allocating investment, and governing the transformation portfolio.
RACI Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed — a matrix clarifying roles and decision rights for each deliverable or activity.
RAID Risks, Assumptions, Issues, Dependencies — the four categories tracked in the programme’s operational risk register.
Stage Gate A formal checkpoint between programme phases where governance bodies review readiness and approve (or reject) progression.
Steering Committee The senior governance body providing strategic direction, resolving escalations, and approving major decisions.
Target Operating Model (TOM) The defined future-state design of how an organisation will operate — processes, systems, structures, governance, capabilities.
Transformation A fundamental change to how an organisation operates, as distinct from incremental improvement. Programmes in this framework are transformational by nature.

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